International Sanctions Termination Dataset

The dataset is composed of the entire universe of sanctions imposed by the EU, UN, US and regional organizations in the period from 1990 to 2018, including those that were already in place by 1990 and those still ongoing.
Sanctions are defined as government-led restrictions implemented to promote political objectives vis-à-vis another country, its leadership and entities directly associated with it.
To cite the IST Dataset: Attia, H., & Grauvogel, J. (2023). International Sanctions Termination, 1990–2018: Introducing the IST dataset. Journal of Peace Research, 60(4), 709-719. https://doi.org/10.1177/00223433221087080

Geographic Scope of Sanctions

Note: You can hover over countries to display the total years under sanctions. The map displays all sanctions from 1990 to 2018, those terminated prior to 1990 are not included. Additionally, we do not add up the years if several regional organizations target the same country during the same time period.

Sanctions Network by Type

Sanctions Network Over Time

Note: You can pause the animation and drag the nodes for a more personalized network. Sanctions by the “European Union” include sanctions imposed by the “European Economic Community”.

Research Project

The Termination of International Sanctions: Causes, Processes and Domestic Consequences Transfer for Transformation - Knowledge Exchange with Global Reach

Research Programmes

Accountability and Participation Peace and Security

Prof. Dr. Julia Grauvogel

Lead Research Fellow / Research Team Spokesperson

T. +49 (40) 42825-566 [email protected]

Jun.-Prof. Dr. Hana Attia

Research Fellow / Juniorprofessorin

T. +49 (0) 40 42825-581 [email protected]

Eduardo Valencia

Outreach Administrator

[email protected]

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International Sanctions Termination Dataset: Visualizations

Julia Grauvogel / Hana Attia / Eduardo Valencia

International Sanctions Termination Dataset: Visualizations

Infographic | 2024

International Sanctions Termination Dataset

The dataset is composed of the entire universe of sanctions imposed by the EU, UN, US and regional organizations in the period from 1990 to 2018, including those that were already in place by 1990 and those still ongoing.
Sanctions are defined as government-led restrictions implemented to promote political objectives vis-à-vis another country, its leadership and entities directly associated with it.
To cite the IST Dataset: Attia, H., & Grauvogel, J. (2023). International Sanctions Termination, 1990–2018: Introducing the IST dataset. Journal of Peace Research, 60(4), 709-719. https://doi.org/10.1177/00223433221087080

Geographic Scope of Sanctions

Note: You can hover over countries to display the total years under sanctions. The map displays all sanctions from 1990 to 2018, those terminated prior to 1990 are not included. Additionally, we do not add up the years if several regional organizations target the same country during the same time period.

Sanctions Network by Type

Sanctions Network Over Time

Note: You can pause the animation and drag the nodes for a more personalized network. Sanctions by the “European Union” include sanctions imposed by the “European Economic Community”.

Research Project

The Termination of International Sanctions: Causes, Processes and Domestic Consequences Transfer for Transformation - Knowledge Exchange with Global Reach

Research Programmes

Accountability and Participation Peace and Security

Prof. Dr. Julia Grauvogel

Lead Research Fellow / Research Team Spokesperson

T. +49 (40) 42825-566 [email protected]

Jun.-Prof. Dr. Hana Attia

Research Fellow / Juniorprofessorin

T. +49 (0) 40 42825-581 [email protected]

Eduardo Valencia

Outreach Administrator

[email protected]

Welt TV | Interview | 16/05/2025

Neue Sanktionen – „Die Forschung zeigt ganz klar zwei wichtige Wirkmechanismen“

Russland umgeht Wirtschaftssanktionen. Immer wieder gibt es auch Zwischenfälle mit der Schattenflotte. Welche Wirkung können die neuen Maßnahmen entfalten? Und warum werden sie genau jetzt verhängt? Dr. Julia Grauvogel erläutert zwei wichtige Funktionen der EU-Sanktionen.

Prof. Dr. Julia Grauvogel

Lead Research Fellow / Research Team Spokesperson

Friedrich Naumann Foundation for Freedom | 29/09/2025

The Promises and Pitfalls of International Sanctions

Organiser: Friedrich Naumann Foundation for Freedom Prof. Dr. Julia Grauvogel (Speaker)

Sanctions are one oft the most popular foreign policy tools, yet the selective use, inconsistent enforcement, and lack of exit strategies can undermine their effectiveness. The presentation addresses the promises and pitfalls of international sanctions.

Prof. Dr. Julia Grauvogel

Lead Research Fellow / Research Team Spokesperson

SRF Podcast | Interview | 17/09/2025

Öl aus Russland: Wie umgeht die Schattenflotte EU-Importverbote?

Die EU will kein russisches Öl und Gas mehr importieren – und zwar schneller als geplant. Das verkündete EU-Komissionspräsidentin Ursula von der Leyen nach einem Gespräch mit Donald Trump. Doch so einfach ist es nicht, erklärt Dr. Julia Grauvogel.

Prof. Dr. Julia Grauvogel

Lead Research Fellow / Research Team Spokesperson

DLF Nova | Interview | 07/08/2025

Russland und USA: Wie Trump den Druck auf Putin erhöhen könnte

Von den US-Sanktionen und Trumps Frist für eine Waffenruhe mit der Ukraine zeigt sich Russland unbeeindruckt. Ein koordinierteres Vorgehen der westlichen Länder und eine stärkere US-Beteiligung an anderen Sanktionstypen wären effektiver, sagt Dr. Julia Grauvogel im Interview mit DLF Nova.