GIGA Focus International Edition Chinese

叙利亚:用权利分享,取代该区域的 烽烟四起

Number 5 | 2013 | ISSN: 2196-3959


  • 2013年8月21日,叙利亚首都大马士革的郊区,发生了毒气袭击事件,据估计,1400人死亡。这样,在叙利亚起义爆发了30个月以后,在起义升级为血腥内战两年以后,美国及其盟友不得不考虑是否直接对叙利亚进行军事干预。

    解析

    在叙利亚,地方、区域、国际行动力量及其利益,汇结成了一张错综复杂的网络,外界对叙利亚政府采取军事行动,有可能会对这一复杂网络造成影响,带来长期改变。这不仅难以解决争端,甚至可能会锐化矛盾。

    • 即使叙利亚的起义,已延续到了第三年,但仍无迹象显示可以找到解决方案。在这场毁灭性的权力争战中,无论是政府,还是形形色色的反对派力量,看来都无力取得胜利。许多迹象显示,这场战争最后(几乎)只有失败者。

    • 众多外界行动力量卷入到叙利亚争端中,它们为叙利亚政府或者不同的反对派阵营提供经济、外交以及军事支持。这样,最初的平民起义,演变成了内战,而内战又演变成了“代理人战争”。“阿拉伯之春”爆发后,叙利亚现已成为中东建立新秩序之战的主要战场。

    • 代替军事干预的另一方案就是,向参与的各方施加政治压力,让他们采取非军事的手段处理争端,比如说,发展出一个以谈判为基础的权力分享协议。

    • 2013年10月14日,叙利亚加入禁止化学武器公约,这为进一步寻求谈判解决方案带来了机遇:Baschar al-Asad领导下的叙利亚政府,以前处于孤立状态,加入这一公约后,他所领导的政府重返国际谈判舞台。现在,区域、国际行动力量,必须敦促叙利亚政府以及反对派, 进行严肃谈判。鉴于双方都提出了大量的先决条件,要想在第二次日内瓦会议框架下实现这一点,目前估计希望渺茫。


    Footnotes



      Research Programmes

      How to cite this article

      Stephan Rosiny (2013), 叙利亚:用权利分享,取代该区域的 烽烟四起, GIGA Focus International Edition Chinese, 5, Hamburg: German Institute for Global and Area Studies (GIGA), https://www.giga-hamburg.de/de/publication/%E5%8F%99%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%EF%BC%9A%E7%94%A8%E6%9D%83%E5%88%A9%E5%88%86%E4%BA%AB%EF%BC%8C%E5%8F%96%E4%BB%A3%E8%AF%A5%E5%8C%BA%E5%9F%9F%E7%9A%84-%E7%83%BD%E7%83%9F%E5%9B%9B%E8%B5%B7


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      The German Institute for Global and Area Studies (GIGA) – Leibniz-Institut für Globale und Regionale Studien in Hamburg publishes the Focus series on Africa, Asia, Latin America, the Middle East and global issues. The GIGA Focus is edited and published by the GIGA. The views and opinions expressed are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the institute. Authors alone are responsible for the content of their articles. GIGA and the authors cannot be held liable for any errors and omissions, or for any consequences arising from the use of the information provided.

      Dr. Stephan Rosiny

      Dr. Stephan Rosiny

      Former GIGA Team member




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