Iran at a Crossroads: Power, Change, and Uncertainty Following the Twelve-Day War

Der iranische Informationskrieg ist in den zurückliegenden Jahrzehnten allgegenwärtiger und komplexer geworden. Er besteht aus einer Kombination von Strategien, die die Kontrolle des digitalen Raums, der Medien und der Diaspora umfassen.

This paper reviews the history of involvement of the two countries in these regions, and analyses how policies of confrontation in both countries have changed and developed over the different historical periods.

The GIGA Institute for Middle East Studies is one of the leading institutes for Middle East research in Germany and Europe. Our scholars examine topics such as state and regime structures, energy security, violent conflicts, forced migration, Islamist movements, and the reshaping of the regional order.

Mass protests in Iran persist despite the use of lethal force by the Islamic Republic against those taking to the streets. GIGA researchers Hamid Talebian, Diba Mirzaei, and Houssein Al Malla provide further insight into what informs current events.

Europe plays a limited role in Gulf investments and the geopolitical considerations behind them. International mediation is urgently required in Gaza and Sudan. Lebanon and Syria are threatened by fragmentation. We present ten things set to inform events in the Middle East and North Africa in 2026.

On 13 June 2025, Israel launched a 12-day war against Iran, two days before the sixth round of US–Iran nuclear talks were due to begin in Oman. Analysis is provided of how the war has transformed Iranian politics domestically, regionally, and internationally.

Der iranische Informationskrieg ist in den zurückliegenden Jahrzehnten allgegenwärtiger und komplexer geworden. Er besteht aus einer Kombination von Strategien, die die Kontrolle des digitalen Raums, der Medien und der Diaspora umfassen.

This paper reviews the history of involvement of the two countries in these regions, and analyses how policies of confrontation in both countries have changed and developed over the different historical periods.

The GIGA Institute for Middle East Studies is one of the leading institutes for Middle East research in Germany and Europe. Our scholars examine topics such as state and regime structures, energy security, violent conflicts, forced migration, Islamist movements, and the reshaping of the regional order.