Public diplomacy looms large in the foreign policies of Iran, Saudi Arabia, and Turkey. Zooming in on these states’ engagement with the African continent, this GIGA Focus Middle East explores the role played by real and alleged non-state actors in autocratic public-diplomacy efforts.
In light of Saudi Arabia's recent foreign policy, this article examines the valorization of public diplomacy in regional leadership struggles. The author argues that emerging leaders often resort to a mix of coercion and persuasion.
