GIGA Focus International Edition Chinese

"阿拉伯之春":触因、演变及前景

Number 1 | 2013 | ISSN: 1862-3581


  • 2010年12月17日,突尼斯蔬菜小贩穆罕默德·布瓦吉吉(Mohammed Bouazizi)的自焚,触发了“阿拉伯之春”。短短数月之内, 抗议浪潮摧毁了突尼斯、埃及、利比亚的独裁者。自此之后,抗议 活动令该地区陷入紧张状态,而此前,人们还以为该地区独裁统治 稳定,能顽固抵抗民主的侵袭。

    解析

    “阿拉伯之春”开始以来,北非及近东地区举行议会大选并讨论宪 法,对残留的独裁统治的公开批评,主导着公众舆论。这些改变能 有多彻底、多持久,现尚无法断言,但几个显著要点,已能确知。

    • 反对运动质疑独裁政权的最初阶段所表现出的自发性、轻率性, 不仅令西方的观察者、也让阿拉伯的统治者们感到惊异。最初的 惊诧之后,遗留下的独裁者们回归到其传统的统治稳定手段中 来,只是迄今为止,成效有限。

    • 触因、演变形式、深度,各国有所不同。各政府的反应,亦从谨 慎让步到暴力镇压,各有不一。

    • 大部分阿拉伯政府极度缺乏合法性,而公民们要求,最终能更公 正地参与到政治、经济、社会进程中来。在他们的抗议活动中, 可以观察到类似的象征标记及相互的关联。这些类似共性让“阿 拉伯之春”成为该地区一时代性的新型事件。

    • 众多阿拉伯国家里,温和派的伊斯兰教徒势力增强,现在许多人 认为,他们是取代现有政府的另一出路,值得信赖,并能胜任这一职责。


    Footnotes



      Research Programmes

      How to cite this article

      Stephan Rosiny (2013), "阿拉伯之春":触因、演变及前景, GIGA Focus International Edition Chinese, 1, Hamburg: German Institute for Global and Area Studies (GIGA), https://www.giga-hamburg.de/de/publication/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E4%B9%8B%E6%98%A5%EF%BC%9A%E8%A7%A6%E5%9B%A0%E3%80%81%E6%BC%94%E5%8F%98%E5%8F%8A%E5%89%8D%E6%99%AF


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      The GIGA Focus is an Open Access publication and can be read on the Internet and downloaded free of charge at www.giga-hamburg.de/en/publications/giga-focus. According to the conditions of the Creative-Commons license Attribution-No Derivative Works 3.0, this publication may be freely duplicated, circulated, and made accessible to the public. The particular conditions include the correct indication of the initial publication as GIGA Focus and no changes in or abbreviation of texts.

      The German Institute for Global and Area Studies (GIGA) – Leibniz-Institut für Globale und Regionale Studien in Hamburg publishes the Focus series on Africa, Asia, Latin America, the Middle East and global issues. The GIGA Focus is edited and published by the GIGA. The views and opinions expressed are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the institute. Authors alone are responsible for the content of their articles. GIGA and the authors cannot be held liable for any errors and omissions, or for any consequences arising from the use of the information provided.

      Dr. Stephan Rosiny

      Dr. Stephan Rosiny

      Former GIGA Team member




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